Since the mid-twentieth century, the physical world around us has changed dramatically, so why is a grounding system test method adopted nearly 75 years ago still so widely used today? And what are the inherent problems when using an antiquated approach in the modern world? Read more…
Substation design typically calls for 2-6” of aggregate (crushed rock) as a top layer upon completion of construction. This layer serves several purposes, including improved vehicle access, reduced erosion, and suppression of vegetation. Another significant function of this layer is to provide personnel safety by increasing the allowed (maximum permissible) touch and step potential values versus native soil. When the aggregate becomes a critical part of the site’s safety, knowledge of the aggregate’s composition and...
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